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    Cairo Sightseeing

      The capital of Egypt and the largest city in Africa , the name means " the victorious city ".  It is located on both banks of the River Nile near the head of the river's delta in northern Egypt and has been settled for more than 6000 years, serving as the capital of numerous Egyptian civilizations. Cairo is known locally as " Misr " , the Arabic name for Egypt , because of its centrality in Egyptian life.

     Located in Northern Egypt, near the Nile Delta, Cairo dates back to the Moslem time .When Arabs conquered Egypt they decided to build a capital for their colony so they built the modern Cairo after the name of the star Elqaher which was shining in its sky . Cairo and its suburbs have exploded in population in the last 150 years. In 1850, there were only 250,000 people living in the Cairo area. Today there are well over 15 million people in Cairo and Giza, and the towns that immediately surround it. As a modernized city, there are many forms of public transportation available in Cairo. Rail, metro, busses, taxis, trams and airplanes aid in moving people about the city, country and world. Cairo is Egypt's largest city.

 Egyptian pyramids  The most famous pyramids are the Egyptian pyramids — huge structures built of brick or stone, some of which are among the largest man-made constructions. Most of them took about 27 years to build. In Ancient Egypte a pyramid was referred to as mer, which was also their word for the country of Egypt itself, showing how intrinsic the structures were to the culture.[1] The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest in Egypt and one of the largest in the world. it is the tallest building in the world. The base is over 52,600 square meters in area. 

It is one of the Seven Wonders of the World, and the only one of the seven to survive into modern times. The Ancient Egyptians capped the peaks of their pyramids with gold and covered their faces with polished white limestone, though many of the stones used for the purpose have fallen or been removed for other structures. There are no more famous ancient sites within Egypt, or for that matter elsewhere in the world, than the Great Pyramids at Giza. They are, without question, the icon most associated with the Egypt. They have been both the main destination for tourists, and a source of imaginative thought to the world for over three .thousand years.

SPHINX     The Great Sphinx, located in Giza on the outskirts of Greater Cairo, is one of the world's most well known and important ancient monuments. To our knowledge, it was and is the largest sculpture ever made in the round from stone. It is also probably the oldest colossal sculpture, and is certainly the oldest existing colossal sculpture. Obviously, its preservation is not only important to Egyptians, but to the world as a whole. Likewise, were it to be lost, its absence would be a devastating blow, for it is certainly not only a colossal monument, but a symbol of mankind's earliest attempts at civilization.

Sakara  Saqqara/ Sakkara pyramids Sakkara (Saqqara)  is one of the most extensive archaeological sites in Egypt! It was the cemetery for Memphis, the capital of Ancient Egypt, yet it is still one of the   virgin archaeological sites, despite the fact that so much has already been found here The site is dominated by the Step Pyramid of King Zoser, which goes back to 2700 BC. It is one of the oldest stone structures in the world Sakkara is also the site of many tombs from the 1st and 2nd Dynasties. Most are made out of mud bricks, but some tombs are made of limestone, decorated with daily life scenes

Like Giza, Saqqara is one of the huge necropolises of the ancient city we call today Memphis, and which the ancient Egyptians called "The White Walls". The greater Saqqara field is usually divided between Saqqara proper, which we discuss here, and South Saqqara, where additional pyramids and tombs are located.Unlike Giza, Saqqara has the distinction not of having Egypt's largest pyramids, but its first, the Step Pyramid of Djoser. In fact, Saqqara has more royal pyramids then does Giza, and it was here that a number of other "firsts" occurred in pyramid building. For example, it was here that we find the first recording on pyramid walls of the so called "Pyramid Texts Also just like Giza, Saqqara has a host of private tombs, many of them belonging to important ancient Egyptian officials and dating to the vary earliest of times.

Memphis  Memphis is the Greek version of one of the many names the Ancient Egyptians used to denote the city that lay on the border between Upper- and Lower-Egypt According to Manetho, the city of Memphis was founded by Menes soon after the unification of Egypt. This is supported by the fact that the oldest known tombs of any importance were built at that period, but it needs to be noted that the area was inhabited even before Narmer's reign. Memphis was also the principal place of the cult of the god Ptah, who is accepted as a creator-god in the region. The many temples built for him, his 'wife' Sekhmet and their 'son' Nefertem now lie in ruins, or have been demolished, destroyed and stripped of their decoration to be dispersed throughout the world. It is from one of these temples, Hw.t-kA-PtH (Hut-Ka-Ptah) "the mansion of the Ka of Ptah" that the Greeks derived the name Aegyptos, hence the modern name Egypt.

the Dahshur Necropolis

Dahshur forms the southernmost area of the Memphis Necropolis and contains a number of pyramid complexes and monuments. Dahshur has only recently been opened to the public, having been a military zone until 1996. As a result, the area is not as developed commercially as Giza, and there is a certain peace and tranquility to the site still. It is most noteworthy for being the site that best demonstrates the change from the "step" pyramid to the "true" pyramid that occurred during the Third and Fourth Dynasties.

In addition to the pyramid complexes, Dahshur also contains a number of minor monuments. There are the companion temples to each pyramid and auxiliary tombs for members of the family and favored officials. There are also the mastabas of various princesses and queens, which contained many examples of Middle Kingdom jewelry, most of which are now in the CairoMuseum.

  Meidum

Meidum is the most mysterious of all the great Pyramids. When Snefru came to the throne around 2575 BC, Djoser's complex at Saqqara was the only large royal pyramid that stood complete. But Snefru would become the greatest pyramid builder in Egyptian history by completing not one but three of them.  The early locals of this century called the Meidum Pyramid el-haram el-kaddab, meaning "false pyramid" and because of its form, it attracted attention as early as the Middle Ages from travelers. At the beginning of the fifteenth century, the famed Arab historian Taqi ad-Din al-Maqrizi thought it looked like a huge, five stepped mountain. However, it eroded so badly that when Frederik Ludwig Norden visited it in the eighteenth century, the pyramid seemed to have only three levels. But it was not weather that eroded it so, but human beings.  When Napoleon's expedition passed by Meidum in 1799, his well known draftsman, Denon, had only enough time to make a few sketches and prepare a short description of the pyramid. Later, Perring made a much better investigation of it, including making measurements in 1837. Afterwards, the Lepsius expedition of 1843 studied it in some detail. Nevertheless, its internal structure remained a mystery.   

The Egyptian Museum

The Egyptian Museum was first built in Boulak. In 1891, it was moved to Giza Palace of "Ismail Pasha" which housed the antiquities that were later moved to the present building. The Egyptian Museum is situated at Tahrir square in Cairo. It was built during the reign of Khedive Abbass Helmi II in 1897, and opened on November 15, 1902 (More History). It has 107 halls. At the ground floor there are the huge statues. The upper floor houses small statues, jewels, Tutankhamon treasures and the mummies.

The Museum also comprises a photography section and a large library. The Egyptian museum comprises many sections arranged in chronological order.

The first section houses Tutankhamen's treasures.

The second section houses the pre-dynasty and the Old Kingdom monuments.

The third section houses the first intermediate period and the Middle Kingdom monuments.

The forth section houses the monuments of the Modern Kingdom.

The fifth section houses the monuments of the late period and the Greek and Roman periods.

The sixth section houses coins and papyrus.

The seventh section houses sarcophagi and scrabs.

A hall for the royal mummies was opened at the museum, housing eleven kings and queens.

More than a million and half tourists visit the museum annually, in addition to half a million Egyptians

 

The greatest collection of Egyptian antiquities is, without doubt, that of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. It is a place of true discovery .

To be sure, the museum can be daunting in the sheer numbers of its antiquities on show, but there is an order within its layout and it is a dream come true for anyone wanting to study Egyptian antiquities.

The Citadle

One of Cairo's most popular tourist attractions is the Citadel, located on a spur of

limestone that had been detached from its parent Moqattam Hills by quarrying. The Citadel is one of the world's greatest monuments to medieval warfare, as well as a highly visible landmark on Cairo's eastern skyline. Particularly when viewed from the back side (from the north), the Citadel reveals a very medieval character.

Khan EL Khalili Bazaar

The Khan El-Khalili is one of the most interesting bazaars, not only in Egypt, but also in the whole Middle East.

It was named after Prince Jaharkas Al-Khalili, who was one of the powerful Mamluke Princes in the 14th century. It is famous for its unusual, typically oriental souvenirs, and handmade crafts. The Medieval atmospheres of this traditional market, together with the labyrinth layout of the streets, gives visitors o lot of pleasure and a glimpse into what medieval markets once were like.


Cafes, restaurants, shops, and large number of vendors and buyers constitute a dynamic panorama of the place. Drinking Hibiscus, Karakare, Helba, or any of the various typical Egyptian beverages, is a pleasant experience for visitors and guests to get a real taste experience. For smokers, there is the Shisha, or water pipe, to be tried.

Every visitor can take the opportunity to safely enjoy the walk through the narrow streets of Khan El-Khalili.  We strongly recommend visiting this vivid bazaar, but keep in mind that in open traditional markets, the prices are not fixed; remember to bargain (haggle) to get the best price. The Khan El-Khalili Bazaar is place where art and commerce come together to give a unique and remarkable, harmonious experience

Old or Coptic Cairo, Egypt

We begin our journey into Old Cairo just opposite of Rhoda Island and below it's southern tip. The area is known to the Egyptians as Misr al-Qadima and stretches down to the sub-area often called Coptic Cairo. Again, appropriate dress covering the body including shoulders and legs is required for entering both Coptic and Islamic monuments.

Old Cairo is so named because it is the oldest part of Cairo, and in fact, predates what is now Cairo. Some Egyptologists believe that there was a settlement here as far back as the 6th century BC. Later, the Romans built a fortress here which we call Babylon. Some of these Roman walls still exist. Later, it became a Christian stronghold, with as many as 20 churches built within an area of one square mile. There are only five remaining, but these are certainly a must see when visiting Cairo, along with the earliest Mosque ever built in Egypt. In addition, after the fall of Jerusalem in about 70 AD, the area also saw an influx of that religion into the area, where the oldest synagogue is also located. Most of Pharaonic Egypt is a relic of one of the Worlds first and grandest religions, including the great Pyramids outside Cairo. Yet if the modern world can be said to have four major religions consisting of Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism, then three of those are represented by some of their most ancient relics in this section of Old Cairo.

 

                                                              the church of abu serga

 The Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus (Abu Serga) is a 4th century church and today is considered to be the oldest of Cairo's Christian churches. It is dedicated to two early martyrs and traditionally believed to have been built on the spot where the Holy Family, Joseph, Mary

end of their journey into Egypt. They may have lived here while Joseph worked at the fortress

               The Hanging Church (El Muallaqa, Sitt Mariam, St Mary)        

Derives its name from its location on top of the southern tower gate of the old Babylon fortress (in Old, or Coptic Cairo) with its   Nave suspended above the passage (Muallaqa translates to 'suspended'). It is the most famous Coptic Christian church in Cairo, as well as the first built in Basilica style (possibly). It was probably built during the patriarchate of Isaac (690-92), though an earlier church building may have existed elsewhere dating as earlier as the 3rd or 4th century. However, the earliest mention of the church was a statement in the biography of the patriarch Joseph (831-49), when the governor of Egypt visited the establishment. The church was largely rebuilt during by the patriarch Abraham (975-78) and has seen many other restorations including one very recently, after which objects of historical interest that were no longer of service went to the Coptic Museum.

Ben Ezer's Temple

Ben Ezer's Temple, lying at the end point of church buildings , is reported to have been erected
in the 6th or presumably the 9th Century AD. The temple site and the surrounding grounds,
originally a property of the church, was acquired by the Jews in return for "kantars of gold". The basilica-style temple contains a Jewish heritage library, that was inaugurated on November 25,1997.
At the back of the temple, there is a very deep well, where the coffers in which Prophet Moses as an infant was placed by his mother, was reportedly found.

Old Islamic Cairo

Sultan Hassan Madrassa and Mosque

 This is one of the extraordinarily wonderful Islamic Monuments In the Islamic World. If Ancient Egypt is proud of the Pyramids of Giza, Islamic Egypt has to be proud of the Sultan Hassan Madrassa

 

The Mosque of Sultan Hassan, . It was a school, or madrasa, but for the first time in Cairo, the madrasa had also the status of a congregational mosque for Friday sermons. There are many interesting stories about this mosque, which is considered to be Cairo's finest example of early Mamluk architecture. In fact, many guide books refer to it as the finest ancient mosque in Cairo, and has been praised as one of the major monuments of the Islamic world. This monument is best seen in the morning, when the sun lights up the mausoleum and the western iiwan

This mosque is also considered one of the largest, not only in Cairo but in the whole Islamic world. It is a massive structure measuring some 150 meters long and 36 meters high. It's tallest minaret is 68 meters tall. It was meant to house some four hundred students

 Ahmad Ibn Tulun mosque                                   

The mosque that he had built over a period of three years of mudbrick became the focal point of the Tulunid capital that lasted only 26 years. It was the third congregational mosque to be built in what is now greater Cairo, and at approximately 26,318 square meters in size, is the third largest mosque in the world. It is the oldest mosque in Egypt that has survived in a fairly original form. An ancient calligraphy in 9th century Kufic script provides:    

 

El-Hussein Mosque

     The El-Hussein Mosque sits on the site of the cemetery of the Fatimid caliphs. It was entirely rebuilt under the khedive Ismail. Earlier this century the remains of the cemetery were discovered while work was being done on the mosque's foundations. There are forty-four white marble columns that support the wood ceiling. On one side of the mosque is the mausoleum which is the oldest part of the complex which was built in 1154 and then modified in 1236. In the mausoleum are the remains of El-Hussein. A cupola with a ceiling that is decorated and inlaid with gold surmounts the mausoleum. There are two minarets at the complex. The one on the southwest side is from the same period as the mosque. The other is contemporary in style as is the mausoleum.

  Al-Azhar Mosque

     The first Fatimid monument in Egypt, the Azhar was both a meeting place for Shi'a students and through the centuries, it has remained a focal point of the famous university which has grown up around it. It was under Yaqoub Ibn Cals that the mosque became a teaching institute. This is the oldest university in the world, where the first lecture was delivered in 975 AD. Today the university built around the Mosque is the most prestigious of Muslim schools, and its students are highly esteemed for their traditional training. While ten thousand students once studied here, today the university classes are conducted in adjacent buildings and the Mosque is reserved for prayer. In addition to the religious studies, modern schools of medicine, science and foreign languages have also been added. Architecturally, the mosque is a palimpsest of all styles and influences that have passed through Egypt.

 


 

Sightseeing Tours in Cairo

Luxury Meet & Transfer at Cairo Airport

 

Day Tour to Pyramids, Memphis & Sakkara

Giza Pyramids

Enjoy an excursion to The Pyramids of Cheops, Chephren and Mykerinus. Then proceed to visit the Great Sphinx and valley Temple. Then move to Sakkara, the world's oldest major stone structure. It was built in the 3rd Dynasty (around 2630 BC) for King Djoser.

 

Tour to Giza Pyramids & Sphinx

Giza Pyramids

Get excited by our daily tour to panorama view Pyramids of Cheops, Chefren and Mykerinus. Then proceed to Sphinx Then proceed to visit the Great Sphinx, the head of a pharaoh with a lion's body, dates from the time of Chephren. (Private Tour)

 

Camel or Horse Riding at Pyramids Area

three pyramids of giza, egypt

 

Pyramids Tour to Dahshur & Sakkara

The step pyramid

 

Trip to Egyptian Museum, Citadel & Old Cairo

Egyptian Museum

 

Alexandria Sightseeing, Execursion

Alexandrai Montazah

 

Tour to Salah El Din Citadel, Old Cairo & Khan El

Mohamed Ali Mosque

 

Day Trip to Egyptian Museum & Old Cairo

 

Sound & Light Show at Giza Pyramids

Sound and Light Show at Pyramids Area

 

Dinner Cruise at night on the Nile

 

Day Tour Islamic & Coptic Cairo

Mohamed Ali Mosque

 

Day Tour to Monestaries at Wadi El Natroun

Monestaries at Wadi El Natroun

 

Cairo Trip to Azhar Mosque & Islamic Sites

 

Day Trip to Manial Palace & Cairo Tower

 

Day Trip to The Pharaonic Village

 

Trip to the Countryside at Village in Cairo

 

Palace of Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil

 

enjoy the sunset in the desert near Giza pyramids

 

Cairo Tower

 

Tour to Menya, Tell Amarna, Beni Hassan

 

Lunch Cruising Restaurants

 

Cairo at night by Felucca on the Nile

 

Cairo Opera House in Cairo

 

Cairo Tour to Fayoum Oasis & Wadi Al Rian

 

Day Tour Tanis & The Suez Canal Area

 

luxor one day flight

 

Petra Tours & Travel from Cairo

 

Cairo Trip to Abu Simbel & Aswan by flight

 

Fagnoon Art school

 

Holy Family Route in Belbais & Cairo

 

Luxor & Aswan By First Class Seating Train

 

Luxor Travel from Cairo by Sleeper Train

 

Day Trip to Alamein & Alexandria

 

Cairo Camel Market

 

Famous Bazaars & Suburbs in ancient Cairo

 

Day Trip to Baharia from Cairo

 

Trip To Zafarana , St. Antony Monastery

 

Overnight Travel to St. Catherine Monastery

 

Cairo Photography Walking Tour: Souqs, Mosques and Palaces

 

Cairo Airport Private Departure Transfer

 

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